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        <name>
          <family>Tian</family>
          <given>Jianghan</given>
        </name>
        <id>j.tian@bristol.ac.uk</id>
        <orcid>0000-0002-5137-3363</orcid>
        <affiliation>University of Bristol</affiliation>
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          <given>Anita</given>
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        <affiliation>University of Bath</affiliation>
        <contact>TRUE</contact>
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    <title>Dataset for &quot;Temporal and geographical variation in low carbon inhaler dispensing in England, 2016 to 2021: an ecological study&quot;</title>
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      <item>GS0060</item>
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    <keywords>climate change, dry powder inhalers, pressurised metered dose inhalers, soft mist inhalers, England, dispensing</keywords>
    <note>See README.txt file</note>
    <abstract>This dataset include two types of data:
1) The number of dispensed items in England for 198 different types of inhaler and their total cost, by month (201603 to 202102) and clinical commissioning group, obtained from openprescribing.net.
2) Clinical commissioning group population characteristics obtained from publicly available data sources.

The dataset also includes a classification of the inhalers into pharmacological classes and either pressurised metered dose inhalers or low carbon inhalers (dry powder inhalers or soft mist inhalers).</abstract>
    <date>2022-11-16</date>
    <publisher>University of Bath</publisher>
    <full_text_status>public</full_text_status>
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        <funder_id>https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000266</funder_id>
        <grant_id>EP/S023593/1</grant_id>
        <project_name>EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Aerosol Science</project_name>
      </item>
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        <funder_name>China Scholarship Council</funder_name>
        <funder_id>https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004543</funder_id>
      </item>
    </funding>
    <collection_method>Inhaler items and cost data were downloaded from openprescribing.net at the product format level (OpenPrescribing.net, Bennett Institute for Applied Data Science, University of Oxford, 2021).

Clinical commissioning group (CCG) population age profiles (percentage under 15, and over 80 years old) for 2019 were obtained from the Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.3.0. CCG asthma and COPD prevalence (%), emergency hospital admissions (EHA, per 100,000 population) and mortality rates (per 100,000 population) were obtained from Public Health England under the Open Government Licence v.3.0. Local formularies and guidelines on CCG public websites in May 2021 were reviewed to record the presence or absence of advice on the carbon footprint of inhalers and the number of recommended pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDI) and low carbon inhalers (dry powder inhalers and soft mist inhalers) in each pharmacological class.</collection_method>
    <provenance>To control for changes in the volume of inhaler dispensing, the key outcome measure used in this study is the percentage of low carbon inhalers dispensed, defined as the number of low carbon inhaler items dispensed relative to the total number of pMDI and low carbon inhaler items. In addition, the average cost for pMDI and low carbon inhaler items was defined as the total cost of them items divided by the total number of items.</provenance>
    <techinfo>N/A</techinfo>
    <language>en</language>
    <version>1</version>
    <doi>10.15125/BATH-01142</doi>
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