Beamline data from the FIGARO specular NR instrument is available separately from Institut Laue-Langevin.

1H NMR:
Spectra were analysed using Mestrelab MNova 11.0 software where spectra were baseline corrected to allow integration of peak area.

QCM-D:
Before the relevant injection point, a stable baseline was chosen as the zero reference and the frequency and dissipation data relativised accordingly. Mass deposition was calculated using the Sauerbrey equation. A sensitivity of 17.7 ng Hz-1 cm-2 was used for 5 MHz chips (SiO2-coated) and 4.4 ng Hz-1 cm-2 for 10 MHz (Au-coated) was used.