Data were collected using a series of physiological, biological, biochemical, and molecular biology techniques. Details of the methodologies and analysis techniques have been provided in the associated article submitted for publication in Journal of Physiology.

The study protocol was approved by the Carmarthen NHS Research Ethics Committee (REC reference number: 17/WA/0422) and was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03362554).