Description of the data file This dataset contains the raw and processed mechanical testing data generated for the study investigating the influence of insertion torque on the performance of locking screw constructs in carbon-fibre reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFR-PEEK) and titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) plates. The data include results from single-screw and two-screw constructs tested across predefined insertion torque levels (0.5–3.0 Nm). Mechanical outcomes were assessed using axial push-out testing and cantilever bending testing. For single-screw constructs, additional video-based measurements of screw rotation during insertion are provided to quantify the relationship between applied torque and angular displacement. Each entry records plate material, construct configuration (single- or two-screw), insertion torque, test modality (push-out or cantilever bending), and the corresponding mechanical performance metrics. Statistical groupings used in the analyses reported in the manuscript are identifiable within the dataset. The dataset is provided in tabulated format and is sufficient to reproduce all analyses and figures presented in the associated manuscript, as well as to enable secondary analysis of torque–performance relationships in locking plate constructs.