Dataset for "Carbohydrate-rich breakfast attenuates glycaemic, insulinaemic and ghrelin response to ad libitum lunch relative to morning fasting in lean adults"

Breakfast omission is associated with obesity and cardiovascular disease/diabetes, but the acute effects of extended morning fasting upon subsequent energy intake and metabolic/hormonal responses have received less attention. In a randomised crossover design, thirty-five lean men (n=14) and women (n=21) extended their overnight fast or ingested a typical carbohydrate-rich breakfast in quantities relative to resting metabolic rate (i.e. 1963±238 kJ), before an ad libitum lunch 3 hours later. Blood samples were obtained hourly throughout the day until 3 hours post-lunch, with subjective appetite measures assessed. Lunch intake was greater following extended fasting (640±1042 kJ, P<0.01) but incompletely compensated for the omitted breakfast, with total intake lower than the breakfast trial (3887±1326 kJ vs 5213±1590 kJ, P<0.001). Systemic concentrations of peptide tyrosine-tyrosine and leptin were greater during the afternoon following breakfast (both P<0.05) but neither acylated/total ghrelin concentrations were suppressed by the ad libitum lunch in the breakfast trial, remaining greater than the morning fasting trial throughout the afternoon (all P<0.05). Insulin concentrations were greater during the afternoon in the morning fasting trial (all P<0.01). There were no differences between trials in subjective appetite during the afternoon. In conclusion, morning fasting caused incomplete energy compensation at an ad libitum lunch. Breakfast increased some anorectic hormones during the afternoon but paradoxically abolished ghrelin suppression by the second-meal. Extending morning fasting until lunch altered subsequent metabolic and hormonal responses but without greater appetite during the afternoon. This study clarifies the impact of acute breakfast omission and adds novel insights into second-meal metabolism.

Subjects:
Food science and nutrition

Cite this dataset as:
Chowdhury, E., Betts, J., 2015. Dataset for "Carbohydrate-rich breakfast attenuates glycaemic, insulinaemic and ghrelin response to ad libitum lunch relative to morning fasting in lean adults". Bath: University of Bath Research Data Archive. Available from: https://doi.org/10.15125/BATH-00092.

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Creators

James Betts
University of Bath

Contributors

Judith Richardson
Researcher
University of Bath

Kostas Tsintzas
Researcher
University of Nottingham

Dylan Thompson
Researcher
University of Bath

University of Bath
Rights Holder

Coverage

Collection date(s):

From 10 June 2010 to 16 May 2013

Funders

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000268

Extended Daily Fasting (Omission of Breakfast) and the Regulation of Energy Balance
BB/H008322/1

Publication details

Publication date: 2015
by: University of Bath

Version: 1

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15125/BATH-00092

URL for this record: https://researchdata.bath.ac.uk/id/eprint/92

Related papers and books

Chowdhury, E. A., Richardson, J. D., Tsintzas, K., Thompson, D., and Betts, J. A., 2015. Carbohydrate-rich breakfast attenuates glycaemic, insulinaemic and ghrelin response to ad libitum lunch relative to morning fasting in lean adults. British Journal of Nutrition, 114(1), 98-107. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515001506.

Contact information

Please contact the Research Data Service in the first instance for all matters concerning this item.

Contact person: James Betts

Departments:

Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences
Health