Dataset for "Temporal and geographical variation in low carbon inhaler dispensing in England, 2016 to 2021: an ecological study"

This dataset include two types of data:
1) The number of dispensed items in England for 198 different types of inhaler and their total cost, by month (201603 to 202102) and clinical commissioning group, obtained from openprescribing.net.
2) Clinical commissioning group population characteristics obtained from publicly available data sources.

The dataset also includes a classification of the inhalers into pharmacological classes and either pressurised metered dose inhalers or low carbon inhalers (dry powder inhalers or soft mist inhalers).

Keywords:
climate change, dry powder inhalers, pressurised metered dose inhalers, soft mist inhalers, England, dispensing
Subjects:
Climate and climate change
Medical and health interface

Cite this dataset as:
Tian, J., McGrogan, A., Jones, M., 2022. Dataset for "Temporal and geographical variation in low carbon inhaler dispensing in England, 2016 to 2021: an ecological study". Bath: University of Bath Research Data Archive. Available from: https://doi.org/10.15125/BATH-01142.

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Data

ccg_characteristics … data.csv
text/plain (20kB)
Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0

Clinical commissioning group characteristics obtained from publicly available data sources. CSV format. Created 202105

raw_data_from_openprescribing.zip
application/zip (84MB)
Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0

198 individual files, each named with the name of the type of inhaler to which it relates. Each file describes the number of dispensed items of the specified inhaler and their total cost, by month (201603 to 202102) and clinical commissioning group. CSV format. Created 202105.

Creators

Jianghan Tian
University of Bristol

Anita McGrogan
University of Bath

Matthew Jones
University of Bath

Contributors

University of Bath
Rights Holder

Documentation

Data collection method:

Inhaler items and cost data were downloaded from openprescribing.net at the product format level (OpenPrescribing.net, Bennett Institute for Applied Data Science, University of Oxford, 2021). Clinical commissioning group (CCG) population age profiles (percentage under 15, and over 80 years old) for 2019 were obtained from the Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.3.0. CCG asthma and COPD prevalence (%), emergency hospital admissions (EHA, per 100,000 population) and mortality rates (per 100,000 population) were obtained from Public Health England under the Open Government Licence v.3.0. Local formularies and guidelines on CCG public websites in May 2021 were reviewed to record the presence or absence of advice on the carbon footprint of inhalers and the number of recommended pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDI) and low carbon inhalers (dry powder inhalers and soft mist inhalers) in each pharmacological class.

Data processing and preparation activities:

To control for changes in the volume of inhaler dispensing, the key outcome measure used in this study is the percentage of low carbon inhalers dispensed, defined as the number of low carbon inhaler items dispensed relative to the total number of pMDI and low carbon inhaler items. In addition, the average cost for pMDI and low carbon inhaler items was defined as the total cost of them items divided by the total number of items.

Technical details and requirements:

N/A

Additional information:

See README.txt file

Documentation Files

inhaler_classification.pdf
application/pdf (26kB)
Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0

Describes the classification of the inhalers included in this research into pharmacological classes and either pressurised metered dose inhalers or low carbon inhalers (dry powder inhalers or soft mist inhalers). PDF format. Created 20220427.

Additional Metadata

README.txt
text/plain (12kB)
Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0

Full description of the files, data and variables included in this archive.

Funders

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000266

EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Aerosol Science
EP/S023593/1

China Scholarship Council (CSC)
https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004543

Publication details

Publication date: 16 November 2022
by: University of Bath

Version: 1

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15125/BATH-01142

URL for this record: https://researchdata.bath.ac.uk/id/eprint/1142

Related papers and books

Tian, J., McGrogan, A., and Jones, M. D., 2022. Low carbon footprint inhalers in England: a review of dispensing data. International Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 30(Supplement_1), i38-i38. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riac019.053.

Tian, J., McGrogan, A., and Jones, M. D., 2022. Temporal and geographical variation in low carbon inhaler dispensing in England, 2016 to 2021: an ecological study. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 116(2), 65-75. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768221133566.

Contact information

Please contact the Research Data Service in the first instance for all matters concerning this item.

Contact person: Matthew Jones

Departments:

Life Sciences
Pharmacy & Pharmacology