Dataset for "Continuous Production of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles via Membrane Emulsification−Precipitation"

Data collection method:

TEM (JEOL-JEM-2100 Plus) was used to characterize the TiO2 NPs. ImageJ was used to perform statistical image analysis of TEM micrographs to calculate average particle size. XRD diffraction patterns were obtained using a Bruker D8-Advance. A Raman spectrometer was used to characterize the samples (InVia, Reinshaw). The droplet size distribution of the emulsions was analysed by DLS with a detection angle of 173° (Zetasizer Nano-ZS, Malvern Instruments). The interfacial tension of the dispersed phase/continuous phase were measured using a goniometer (Dataphysics OCA20) based on the pendant drop method.30 The band gap of the TiO2 NPs was obtained by measuring the reflection spectra using a UV-vis spectrophotometer (Cary 100). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was performed on a Thermo Fisher Scientific K-alpha+ spectrometer. Samples were analysed using a micro-focused monochromatic Al x-ray source (72 W) over an area of approximately 400 micrometres. Data was recorded at pass energies of 150 eV for survey scans and 40 eV for high resolution scan with 1 eV and 0.1 eV step sizes respectively. Data analysis was performed in CasaXPS using a Shirley type background and Scofield cross sections, with an energy dependence of -0.6. The specific surface area and pore size distribution were characterized by analysing the N2 adsorption and desorption isotherms obtained at 77 K using a micromeritics 3Flex equipment. The photocatalytic activity (PCA) of TiO2 NPs was investigated using a Peschl Ultraviolet photoreactor (PhotoLAB, B400-700 Basic Batch-L) equipped with either low pressure (novaLIGHT LP30x, 2.7 W emission at 254 nm) or medium pressure (novaLIGHT TQ150 HG, 150 W broad band UV-visible emission spectrum) mercury lamps, both Heraeus Noblelight. Photocatalytic experiments were conducted with 0.1 g (low pressure lamp) and 0.05 g (medium pressure lamp) of TiO2 NPs dispersed in 700 mL (determined by reactor size) ultrapure water (MilliQ), respectively. 10 μM phenol was added as model pollutant. During irradiation the solution was magnetically stirred and maintained at 10 °C. Ten samples at equidistant time intervals were taken for 60 minutes and 120 minutes for low pressure lamp and medium pressure lamp experiments, respectively. HPLC was performed with an Agilent, series 1100 machine with a Poroshell 120 EC-C18, 2.7 μm, 4.5 x 50 mm column. Isocratic conditions used for phenol detection were 15 % acetonitrile and 85 % 5 mM phosphoric acid (pH 2.4), flow rate of 0.5 mL/min and UV detection at 220 nm, at 8 minutes retention time.